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Description:
Red Maple is also known as Scarlet, Swamp or Water maple. It grows relatively quickly. It is one of the few tall trees suitable for shade. It has a wide distribution area and grows well in many climate zones. In landscape design, it is well used in the group of shade-loving trees. It is resistant to frost down to -40°C. Red maple survives in many types of soil. It grows on hills, also among rocks of various geological origins. It also thrives in extreme conditions when the soil is too wet or too dry. However, it grows best in well-drained, moderately moist soil. It is most commonly found on dry mountain ridges and on southern and western slopes. However, it also grows in moist areas on the banks of small rivers. Red maple is one of the first trees to bloom in spring. This happens several weeks before other vegetation begins to bud. Its flowers are small and white. They can be seen on the tree from March to May, depending on the vegetation conditions (climate, soil). Flowers and seeds appear on the tree at a relatively young age, in the fourth year of life. The trees are polygamous-dioecious. Some can bear only male sex organs and some only female organs, others both. In this case, the branches of a given sex are usually on one branch separately. Sex does not affect the growth of the tree. The fruits ripen from April to June. After ripening, the seeds spread to the surroundings for 1-2 weeks. In humid places, the red maple forms short main roots with well-developed long lateral roots. In dry places, it develops long main roots with much shorter lateral ones. It can survive for more than 150 years. Its average age is 70-80 years. Its average height at maturity ranges between 18 and 25 m and the trunk diameter is 45 to 70 cm. The tallest recorded tree of this species is in Armada (Michigan, USA) and is 38.1 m. It grows very quickly at first, but its growth slows down at a height of about 5 m. Then its trunk thickens by an average of 6 cm in 10 years. Its lateral branches can be up to 25 m long. Although these trees are very resistant to floods, they can be significantly damaged by them if they are in muddy or sandy soil. This type of maple resists diseases very well, and even after being attacked by pests it can recover nicely. The red maple is also known in the lumber industry as a soft maple. It is also used to produce maple sugar and syrup. The brilliant color of the leaves is one of its exceptional features. The red color of its leaves creates a beautiful contrast in autumn with the dark green conifers and the white bark and yellow leaves of birches. It is an excellent choice for landscape architecture. It offers one of the most beautiful red colors to the autumn landscape, brilliant white flowers and clusters of buds to the early spring landscape, and in winter its branches serve as food for wildlife.